J.P Hayes Essays - East Asia, Geography Of Asia,

J.P Hayes Mr. Bevington English H 20 October 2017 A Nation Born From War The United States of America is a preeminent nation to us citizens who are honored to live and walk on it's surface everyday we wake up. Recently North Korea and their foolish leader have been challenging the pure strength and manpower of the United States armed forces. As U.S citizens we should not stand to let this be okay and pass through our memories while our armed forces stand ready to protect us everyday. We the people of United States of America need not to fear war with North Korea but to embrace it because our nation was created from patriotism which still thrives, we have more men enlisted, and greater firepower on both land and in the air. Our great nation won it's independence from the British by defeating their premier army with a cluster of farmers and regular working class men. In 1776 America and it's people were born from war and still at this very moment we shall be ready for war. If an army made up of untrained and unprepared regular men can defeat the Redcoats, then with our current U.S military we should demolish any adversary. President Donald Trump stated, "Any more threats to the United States will be met with fire and furry like the world has never seen", and as U.S citizens born from war we shall stand behind him. North Korea was in a civil war against South Korea in the 1950's when the land was still known as Korea. The separation of the two happen when an armistice was singed meaning North Korea never won it's independence like America. When the U.S armed forces fight they can stand for those who sacrificed their life in the revolution to liberate America. North Koreans can be patriotic but they can not say that their nation was sparked and won from the idea of patriotism and independence. On the day we first step onto the battlefield against North Korea we should stand shoulder to shoulder as brothers and watch as the enemy fears us. Our great country has 120,002,084 men fit for service at this very moment while the North Koreans only have 10,066,704 men fit for service according to the U.S homeland security. Given these numbers we shall not ease up and loose like the redcoats did to the U.S colonist, but instead we should know that there our eleven times more boots behind our soldier then the North Koreans. The only category of war North Korea has bigger then the U.S is their number of war ships but they still aren't as powerful and long range as the United State's war ships are. The U.S doubles the size of the size of North Korea's war budget, total land power such as tanks, and aircraft power. Not only do we possess more firepower and money then North Korea, but also we have our patriotism on top of that. Rocket Man and North Korea should fear us Americans while we sit back and relax because we have all the power of the world behind us while the enemy has none. For the last time do not back down from any battles but in particular don't back down from the war against the modern era Stalin. We are Americans born from war and war we shall always succeed and fight no matter the odds.

Racism state troopers incident of the NJ turnpike essays

Racism state troopers incident of the NJ turnpike essays The first story takes place in Los-Angeles where Jim Losey is a Police officer who struggles with his own existence as a low-paid worker. He has his own concept of fighting the crime and he is a person who is a bit powerful, hiding behind a badge that hide a real prejudiced person. We believe facts and hate affected his life along the years. At first he was a great cop but now he is racist. He thinks troubles and crimes come from black people. We also believe he is not the only one. Fewer articles show us the sad truth. In this case, an article from the New-York Times illustrates perfectly a resemblance. In April last year, an incident took place in New Jersey. Two state troopers were indicted on attempted murder after a routine traffic stop. Three of four unarmed black people have been shot for no real apparent reason. We can easily find few similarities with both cases. Jim believes black people should be punished his way and not just put in jail. He even admits he has hurt someone before without being caught. He calls that tricks. He probably thinks his badge can protect him, allow him to do certain things or make it easier for him to do those things. He also believes it is right but it is not really right for the majority of us. We can imagine the reason why those state troopers have shot these poor people and used a ridiculous excuse. They probably thought they would get along with that just because they are cops. Jim also dreams about a life style he does not have and has to blame somebody for it. He directed his anger on colored people and doing that he generalized it the wrong way. He is doing his job with a passion and does not agree with politics. This article shows how much Jim believes the press reviled law enforcers and tries to stop him in his quest. Two state troopers are sent to jail. We can tell Jim thoughts about it his friends are sent to jail for...

PSAT Test Dates 2015

PSAT Test Dates 2015 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The PSAT test dates of 2015 have come and gone, but they are not forgotten - especially for students aiming to become National Merit Finalists. This guide will go over the exact PSAT test dates in 2015, as well as discuss how test-takers can make the most of their PSAT score reports today. If you’re looking for future PSAT test dates, then check out this guide instead. If you’re in the right spot, then read on to learn about how the PSAT testing schedule works for participating students. What to Know About PSAT Test Dates Unlike many other standardized tests, like the SAT or ACT, you don’t choose when you take the PSAT. Instead, your high school registers juniors and chooses the test date from two options in October. If you’re a ninth or tenth grader who wants to take the PSAT, then you have to ask your school counselor to sign you up. College Board gave schools two choices for test dates in 2015, a primary and an alternate. Both test dates fell on a weekday, on a Wednesday to be exact. Most schools administered the PSAT on the primary test date. Below are the exact dates for the primary and alternate testing dates for the PSAT in 2015. PSAT Test Dates in 2015 Schools administered the PSAT on one of these two test dates in 2015. Primary test date: October 14, 2015 Alternate test date: October 28, 2015 Most schools held the PSAT on October 14, 2015. The only exception would be if the school had a scheduling conflict that day and had to go with the alternate test date. Once students took the PSAT, they waited a few months to get back their scores. For juniors, October is the month of pumpkins, pie, and the PSAT. When Did 2015 PSAT Scores Come Out? Scores from the 2015 PSAT came out on January 7th, 2016. On that date, students could sign into their College Board accounts and view their score reports. Counselors actually had access to the scores one day earlier, on January 6. In addition to online score reports, students got paper score reports around January 29. Forstudents who took the PSAT in 2015 or who will be taking it in the future, why are PSAT scores important? Why Are PSAT Scores Important? PSAT scores are important for two main reasons. First, they give you essential feedback about your skills as a test-taker, and you can use that feedback to prepare for the SAT. Secondly, PSAT score reports tell any juniors who took the test whether or not they will qualify for National Merit distinction and scholarships. Let’s take a closer look at both of these functions of your PSAT scores. 1. Practice and Feedback for the SAT The PSAT and SAT are very similar tests, so your score report on the PSAT can help you figure out how to improve for the SAT. Both tests have Reading, Writing and Language, and math sections. The main difference is that the PSAT doesn’t have an essay section. Your PSAT score report will give you detailed feedback on your performance. You should take time to look at your results and pinpoint your strengths and weaknesses. If you struggled on the math section, for instance, then you can focus especially on math as you get ready for the SAT. By figuring out where you lost points, you can make efforts to get those kinds of questions right for next time. Your score report can also prompt you to reflect on the test-taking experience. Did you find yourself running out of time? Would you benefit from trying new test-taking strategies, like process of elimination on vocabulary questions? If you took the PSAT in 2015 and are still planning to take the SAT, you should carefully consider your PSAT score report and use it to design your SAT prep plan. Your PSAT score report gives you useful feedback on your skills as a test-taker. You can use that insightas you get ready for the SAT. 2. National Merit Distinctions and Scholarships If you took the PSAT as a junior, then you’re in the running for National Merit distinction and scholarships. The top 3% to 4% of scorers werenamed Commended Scholars, while students who score in the top 1% werenamed Semifinalists and couldmove on to become Finalists and win scholarship money. National Merit Scholarship Corporation hasn’t released its exact state-by-state cutoffs yet, but we can estimate the cutoffs based on data from past years. About a year after they took the PSAT in 2015, about 16,000 students across the country foundout if they achieved Semifinalist status. If you were one of those students who took the PSAT in October 2015, how can you make the most of your PSAT score report now? Make the Most of Your PSAT Score Report If you’re still planning to take the SAT, then your PSAT score report can help you design a study plan. Look closely at the sections where you excelled and the sections where you could use some improvement. Think about what skills you can work on to get better as a test-taker, whether you need to review specific concepts or practice time management. As you study for the SAT, try to identify and target your weak areas. Gather lots of practice questions, time yourself, and score your practice tests. Continue to measure your progress with your practice test score reports, just as you did with your PSAT score report. By taking time to analyze your PSAT and SAT practice test score reports, you can root out your weak areas and gaugeyour progress as you work toward your target SAT scores. In closing, let’s go over the key points you should remember about the PSAT in 2015, how it was administered, and how you can make the most of your PSAT score report now. Use your PSAT score report to target your weak areas and improve for the next test you take. PSAT in 2015: Key Takeaways Most schools administered the PSAT on Wednesday, October 14, 2015. Juniors automatically tookthe test and competed for National Merit distinction. Younger students couldalso request to take the test, and they coulduse the experience as practice for the junior year PSAT and the SAT. If you took the test in 2015, then you got your scores online on January 7th. Whether you’re competing for National Merit or prepping for the SAT, you can gain valuable insight from your PSAT score report. Take time to analyze your performance, figure out your strengths and weaknesses, and reflect on the experience to get ready for the SAT. What’s Next? Are you preparing to take the SAT? Check out our ultimate SAT prep guides for the Reading, Writing and Language, and Math sections of the SAT. Did you take the PSAT as a younger student in 2015? If you're aiming for top scores when you take the test as a junior, check out this full guide to getting a perfect score on the PSAT. Have you started taking steps to apply to college? For a full overview of the entire college application process, check out this comprehensive guide. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Reflective Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflective Journal - Assignment Example Seeking to be a manager of a manufacturing firm, my strengths in interpersonal relationship and team leadership would enable me foster a collaborative management as this would ensure that employees’ ideas are considered in decision-making. This would be useful in avoiding resistance to change or management’s decisions. However, I would have to work on my conflict resolution and negotiation skills so as to enable me maintain harmony in the organisation and enforce a balance between organisational and individual goals. I would also have to improve on my communication skills to relay information effectively. The effectiveness of this tool in determining the alignment of my competencies to my expected managerial roles made me appreciate the argument by Chaston (2011) and Rosaline (2013) that gap analysis helps in the identification of personal goals. I am now aware of my strengths and the areas where I would need to improve on so as to become an effective manager. Management process could be more complicated than it could appear. This could even be more pronounced in case of an organisation operating in a complex and changing environment. As such, the postulate by Henry Mintzberg on the roles in managing information, people and action as given by Muma, Smith and Somers (2005) and Schermerhorn (2011) would be critical. The interpersonal role of a manager as a leader; informational roles as a monitor and disseminator; and decision roles as a disturbance handler, resource allocator and negotiator would be useful in such a situation. In my view, complex situations cause confusion among employees. Therefore, the role of a manager as a leader would help in guiding employees on the way forward in case of dilemmas. Organisations need to be keen on the changes in the environment so as to make decisions on adaptive strategies that would ensure their

Education Plan for Fourth Grade Class Assignment

Education Plan for Fourth Grade Class - Assignment Example About five percent are reading below grade level and approximately 10 percent are reading above their grade level; there are a few children with diagnosed learning disabilities who have been mainstreamed. There are three fourth grade classes that will join together for the unit on history and we have chosen to study World War II with special emphasis on the Holocaust. The curriculum will work to make the events of the Holocaust relevant to the children. 1. Type of Curriculum Harriet Sepinwall states that John Goodlad created five types of curricula that are suitable for teaching fourth graders about the Holocaust. The five curricula are: ideal, formal, perceived, operational and experimental. The operational design is what has been chosen for this educational plan. The operational classroom speaks to the function of the classroom and what is actually being done. The curriculum is â€Å"defined and assessed by lesson plans, observational reports, and videotapes of instructional situa tions† (Sepinwall 4). By using this type of curriculum it will allow students to be immersed in the Holocaust in order to make it more relevant to them. Activities will include reading, drawing, group work and group reading. 2. Goals for the Curriculum We were able to purchase 51 books about World War II and/or the Holocaust. The objective of our program is to use the story of the Holocaust to teach about tolerance, respect for differences, and to help children understand prejudice. Some of our goals include: 1. Students will read books that include the feelings and emotions of children and adults who experienced the Holocaust. 2. To talk about the Holocaust and WWII as they pertain to prejudice and people who were different. 3. To help children identify situations today that are similar to what the Jews experienced during that time. 4. To discuss how children in school are treated and mistreated and talk about what could be done about those children who are mistreated. 3. Act ivities Because we will have four classes coming together to learn about this time in history, we have planned both online and offline activities. As an example, we will start by talking to students about the Holocaust and what it was and how it fit into World War II. Children will read several stories during the course of two weeks from our new library of books and they will present short reports about what they read. We will discuss the information presented in terms of what happens today in similar situations. We will create literature circles so that children can talk about these experiences and they will learn about the Jewish experience and gain more knowledge about WWII and how it is relevant to the Holocaust. We will have the children look at a world map and find where these activities took place. Children will also talk about Hitler and how he came to power and how he lost. Another topic that will come up will be freedom. We will talk about freedom and how we experience fre edom today and what would happen if those freedoms were taken away. Although we would like to take the children to the Holocaust Museum, we are not sure whether this will be a possibility with the school’s budget. An alternative plan is to take them to the museum website because there is a lot of information to read and discuss. We can also take the children on a virtual tour of the Anne Frank house with important information about what happened there (one of the books we

Hamlet Essay Example for Free

Hamlet Essay Shakespeares Hamlet remains at the pinnacle of high culture texts and the cannon as one of the most iconic texts in the modern world. Hamlet is a deeply philosophical in which grapples with metaphysical questions- existential in nature that underpins the human ethos. It is through the highly charged language, textual integrity and use of meta-theatrical techniques that ensure the plays modernity and continuing resonance in society through multiple perspectives. Hamlet is a revenge tragedy play that reveals the conflicting social paradigms of patriarchal Elizabethan society in transition, wherein the forces of reformation and renaissance were usurping the older world of medieval feudalism and hierarchy. The play also reflects the concerns of a society that questioned their social roles particularly the divine and moral standards of the church and crown. The play captures the spirit of inquiry through its opening question whos there? revealing the plays search for identity and truth- both literal and metaphorical- in which Hamlet drives at the moral centre of the play. Hamlet is essentially a grand narrative that follows the strictly controlled linear revenge tragedian format with Prince Hamlet as the avenging tragic hero. His role is indeed profound and equivocal; he questions the nature of freewill whilst seeking affirmation through the ghost to avenge his fathers murder. Yet it is by Hamlets pivotal flaws of hesitancy and uncertainty that he authors his own downfall and those innocents around him. Shakespeare reflects the conflicting values of his context through Hamlets statement o cursed spite that I was ever born to set it right he is torn between conflicting notions of medieval paganism and vengeance opposed to Christian humanism that demanded restraint and rationality. Yet it is through Hamlets melancholy and his questioning of humanity that the play becomes highly philosophical and personal drawing audiences in with the beauty of poetic language. Perspectives of Hamlet such as Kenneth Brannaghs 1996 film production and Marion Pots 2008 Bell Shakespeare theatre production demonstrate the plays continuing iconic status in society and its seamless ability to be re-appropriated into new contexts and perspectives. Brannaghs perspective of Hamlet is traditional, yet he stresses the conflict between truth and appearance through his stage design. The film depicts C19th castle of Elsinore, resplendent in its colourful pageantry, overpowering pristine white and extravagant costuming. Brannaghs implementation of secret hallways, mirrors and Hamlets dark clothing is juxtaposed to this lavish world that metaphorically reveals the entrenched and pervasive corruption that underlie this facade. Shakespeare stresses this notion through use of recurring extended metaphor in the rank, vile and un-weeded garden. This conflict between truth and appearance is illuminated in Act 3 Scene 2 via the play within the play. The acting on all levels in this scene causes the play to become highly reflexive and meta-theatrical, audiences are alerted to its constructed nature as twere a mirror up to nature yet also cautioning audiences over the masks that are constructed by people to disguise truth. The scenes reflexive and modernist techniques allow us to contemplate upon the nature of appearances demonstrating the iconic relevancy of the play. Brendan Cowells depiction of Hamlet in Pots Sydney production is that seemingly of a highly intellectual yet rebellious C21st college student. Cowell plays the role ironically subverting the worlds of adults through wit, puns and sarcasm that draws audiences into the plays self described comedic and cathartic nature. Potts perspective of Hamlet invokes a feeling of moral malaise through stage design. The use of worn dated clothing and seemingly dark decaying walls that seep water- hinting at underlying corruption and subverting the cleansing connotations of water. The presence of a large dominating spiral staircase gives the play a subterranean and stygian atmosphere that effectively alerts audiences towards looming mortality and hidden truth. In Act 2 Scene 2 Hamlet reflects upon the majesty of man- oh what piece of work is man- yet this is ironically juxtaposed to his own self disillusionment. Shakespeares movement from iambic pentameter to prose reflects Hamlets own loss of mirth; whilst also demonstrating the power of Shakespeares use of textual integrity to allow audiences to sympathise and connect to Hamlet. Hamlets paradoxical nature is revealed through evocative imagery concerning the goodness of humanity how like an angel yet this is subverted by Hamlets melancholy in his role as the avenger. Shakespeare juxtaposes this speech to his most iconic soliloquy to be or not to be in Act 3 Sc 1; the balanced opening thesis demonstrates our fear of the eternal mystery beyond death as opposed to the continuance of the hardships in life. The poetic and transcendent nature of Shakespeares language is demonstrated through his iconic sustained metaphor of death as the undiscovered country . This metaphor gives death a normality yet we are forever cautioned away by its eternal mystery. The soliloquy is highly evocative, subverting deaths connotations by giving it a tantalising quality through its ability to give us sleep, perchance dream. The speech causes audiences to reflect upon death, challenging our perceptions of life, whilst demonstrating Hamlets frustration at his own inaction and weakness that ironically drive the philosophical nature of the play. Shakespeares mediation on mortality continues in Act 5 Sc 1 which employs use of black humour and satire to subvert deaths connotations whilst providing comedic relief through the gravediggers banter. Hamlets monologue with Yorricks skull illuminates the finality and inexorable nature of mortality. The scene moves from satire and comedy to increasing seriousness with dramatic irony at Hamlets lack of knowledge of Ophelias death. The scene is juxtaposed to the entry of the coffin, taking on a deeper poignancy as it illuminates the irony of Hamlets feigned insanity as opposed to Ophelias true madness that resulted in her tragic demise causing audiences to reflect upon the nature of existence and fate. Ultimately Shakespeare affirms the existence of destiny at the end of the play through Hamlets statement there is a divinity that shapes our ends, coming down upon the religious paradigms of his day. Hamlet is a play challenges and questions our conventional paradigms and beliefs through Shakespeares mastery of literary technique, textual integrity and Hamlets contemplations. As a result the play examines universal concerns of humanity ensuring the plays continuing iconic status in society.

Internet & Society: Technologies and Politics of Control Essay

Internet & Society: Technologies and Politics of Control From the moment Internet file-sharing became a reality, exploding into millions of homes and dorms, something changed. Internet file sharing brought with it the opportunity to access for free what had previously cost money. Beyond that, file sharing created a social norm that music and digital media ought to be free. How did this happen? How did file sharers warp reality and forever create this notion that digital media, notably music doesn’t require the money it always had before? Through this paper, I will attempt to prove that the social norms of the Internet public were corrupted by code, by deceptive P2P programs that mask reality for the sake of prosperity. It is this warped social norm that plagues the future of digital media tomorrow. By examining the programs that have forced this revolution (Napster, LimeWire, KaZaA) much can be learned and understood about where and how society failed to recognize its Internet world is in fact an extension of the physical world, and the same rules of civility and morality ought to apply. It is my contention that the P2P networks created an atmosphere built around harmonious sharing—using the ideas of strength in numbers and anonymity to create richly stocked P2P networks. Finally, after careful analysis and discussion of the facts, I will offer suggestions on moving forward and hopefully solving the chaos and problems faced by the present system (or lack thereof). In â€Å"Code and other Laws of Cyberspace†, Lawrence Lessig outlines the four modalities of regulation—law, markets, norms, and architecture. Law has the ability to regulate behavior through penalty and markets create incentives for people to behave in particular... ...the Internet and online file sharing no longer be a chaotic jungle of copyright infringement, but an extension of community and relationships as we understand these terms in the offline world. Works Cited Goulder, Alvin. â€Å"The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement† American Sociological Review 1960. Levin, Daniel. â€Å"Building Social Norms on the Internet†. Yale Journal of Law & Technology. 2001-2002. Steiner, Peter. â€Å"On the Internet, Nobody Knows You’re a Dog†. The New Yorker 5 July 1993. Strahilevitz, Lior Jacob. â€Å"Charismatic Code, Social Norms, and the Emergence of Cooperation on the File-Swapping Networks†. John M. Olin Law & Economics Working Paper No. 165. The University of Chicago Law School. http://law.uchicago.edu/lawecon.index.html Takahashi, Nobuyuki. â€Å"The Emergence of Generalized Exchange† American Journal of Sociology 2000.

Before the Volcano Erupted: The Ancient Cerén Village in Central America

The archaeological site of Joya del Ceren, located in the broad Zapotitan Valley in the fertile region of western El Salvador, is a remarkable and important find that has been compared to the ancient ruined cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum in Italy. Like Pompeii, Joya del Ceren was preserved under layers of volcanic ash in the catastrophic Loma Caldera eruption from the nearby Ilopango volcano approximately 600 AD. This eruption forced the sudden abandonment of the site by its inhabitants who were forced to leave their possessions behind.Dr Payson Sheets of the University of Colorado-Boulder has been leading the excavations of the site, and as this ancient farming village of the Maya is now being revealed, many important insights into the household and community life of the ancient Maya, as well as their economic, social, and religious activities are becoming better understood. In Dr. Sheets’ book, Before the Volcano Erupted: The Ancient Ceren Village in Central America, an o verview of the knowledge gained by recent excavations is provided.The book opens with a discussion of volcanology, geophysics, and paleobotany. It is clear that the presence of the nearby volcanic hills around the site presented both benefits and hazards to the ancient inhabitants. The volcano provided a source of hard stones for making manos and metates, its ancient eruptions deposited a fertile bed of ash for fruitful agriculture, but it also proved the destruction of their village.What is so amazing is the fine state of preservation that the volcanic eruption gave to the material culture of the site. The buildings, complete with their thatched roofs (mice included) and painted walls, the beautifully painted gourds and pottery vessels, whole and filled with foodstuffs, liquid residues, utensils and other personal items, the craft tools, and the clear evidence of craft production are all on hand, looking untouched despite their fourteen centuries of age. Consider this remarkable st atement:â€Å"The numerous seasonally sensitive plants preserved at the site indicate the eruption probably occurred in August. Further, the positions and conditions of artifacts indicate the eruption probably occurred in the early evening, after dinner was served but before the dishes were washed, likely between 6:00 and 7:00 P. M. † (Sheets) For all the fury and destruction that volcanoes can cause, such an outcome is nevertheless a joy to historians and archaeologists, and should be to anyone curious about the lives of prehistoric peoples.The focus of the explorations at Joya del Ceren is centered on â€Å"Household Archaeology,† with the household being defined as â€Å"the domestic coresidential social and adaptive unit intermediate between the individual and the neighborhood. † (Sheets) Part II of the book describes the four households excavated prior to publication, with eleven building having been completely excavated, and seven others partially excavate d. Professor Sheets summarizes the work to date as follows:Four buildings of Household 1 have been excavated, including a domicile (for sleeping, eating, and various daytime activities), a storehouse, a kitchen, and a ramada-style building that occasionally was used for chipped stone tool maintenance, among other functions (Structures 1, 6, 11, and 5, respectively). Two buildings of Household 2 have been excavated, the domicile and the storehouse (Structures 2 and 7). The kitchen has yet to be excavated, and we do not know if Structure 18 is a part of this household.Only a part of the kitchen of Household 3 is known (Structure 16). The storehouse of Household 4 has been excavated, and it is a storehouse and much more (Structure 4). The maguey (Agave americana) garden south of the building produced fiber for about a dozen households; the leaves were depulped to liberate the fibers using Structure 4's northeast corner pole. † (Sheets) The results of these excavations revealed a good deal about household and village life of the people of the Maya frontier circa 600 AD.We have an expanded view of what they ate (maize, beans, chiles, squash, manioc, maguey, cacao and guayaba among others), the wealth they possessed (over 70 vessels in household 1 alone), and their source of livelihood (both subsistence farming and craft specialization). Indeed it is possible to speculate that each household produced a certain type of finished craft for export trade within or beyond the village.Sheets describes how â€Å"each household overproduced at least one craft or commodity and used that for exchange within the community and to obtain long-distance traded items that generally were produced by specialists, such as obsidian tools, hematite pigments, and jade axes. † (Sheets) It is shown how household 1 produced groundstone items such as manos and metates, and a tool called a donut stone. Household 2 likely served as a painted gourd factory, as evidenced by the prese nce of cinnabar paints and the use-wear on chipped stone tools found at the site.In addition to the household structures, some other community buildings have been identified. These include Structure 9, a large sweat bath that could accommodate a dozen people , structure 10, considered to be a religious festival building of some kind, as evidenced by the presence of some sacred artifacts, such as a deer skull headdress, and an obsidian blade with traces of human blood. There is also a large community center or civic complex, perhaps used for local government functions or religious purposes or both. The religious buildings were painted white and are the only white buildings found at the site.Some of the agricultural fields have been examined, and the results are very interesting. For example, the rows for maize were ridged, and some areas show where portions of the crop have already been harvested and the ground replanted with the second crop for the year. Many species of plants are i dentified by plaster casting, including â€Å"maize, beans, chiles, squash, manioc, maguey, various trees such as cacao and guayaba, and a number of palm and deciduous trees. † (Sheets) The manioc field is known as the first evidence of the cultivation of this crop in the Americas.In a recent CU-Boulder news release article, Sheets said â€Å"we have long wondered what else the prehistoric Mayan people were growing and eating besides corn and beans, so finding this field was a jackpot of sorts for us. Manioc's extraordinary productivity may help explain how the Classic Maya at huge sites like Tikal in Guatemala and Copan in Honduras supported such dense populations. † The work at Joya del Ceren is far from over. The book explains how the archaeologists are using ground penetrating radar equipment to locate numerous other buildings for future excavations.As time goes on, the riches of Joya del Ceren will continue to emerge from the ashes. Before the Volcano Erupted: The Ancient Ceren Village in Central America is a rather typical archaeological report, fairly dry for reading, but full of fascinating information if you take the time to pick through it. What is important is what the Archaeology of the site can teach us of the ancient people that lived there. The site must be an outstanding place to visit, for to see such well-preserved artifacts would surely spark the imagination.I would surely recommend the book to anyone interested in the Maya, in archaeology and history in general, or to anybody that is curious about the way that ordinary people from the past may have lived their lives. Works Cited Sheets, Payson. â€Å"CU-Boulder Archaeology Team Discovers First Ancient Manioc Fields In Americas. † CU-Boulder News. August 20, 2007. http://www. colorado. edu/news/releases/2007/305. html Sheets, Payson (ed. ) Before the Volcano Erupted: The Ancient Ceren Village in Central America. Boulder, Colorado. 2002

Historical Development of Labour Law

The origins of labour law can be traced back to the remote past and the most varied parts of the world. While European writers often attach importance to the guilds and apprenticeship systems of the medieval world, some Asian scholars have identified labour standards as far back as the Laws of Hammurabi and rules for labour–management relations in the Laws of Manu; Latin-American authors point to the Laws of the Indies promulgated by Spain in the 17th century for its New World territories. None of these can be regarded as more than anticipations, with only limited influence on subsequent developments. Labour law as it is known today is essentially the child of successive industrial revolutions from the 18th century onward. It became necessary when customary restraints and the intimacy of employment relationships in small communities ceased to provide adequate protection against the abuses incidental to new forms of mining and manufacture on a rapidly increasing scale at precisely the time when the 18th-century Enlightenment, the French Revolution, and the political forces that they set in motion were creating the elements of the modern social conscience. It developed rather slowly, chiefly in the more industrialized countries of western Europe, during the 19th century and has attained its present importance, relative maturity, and worldwide acceptance only during the 20th century. The first landmark of modern labour law was the British Health and Morals of Apprentices Act of 1802, sponsored by the elder Sir Robert Peel. Similar legislation for the protection of the young was adopted in Zurich in 1815 and in France in 1841. By 1848 the first legal limitation of the working hours of adults was adopted by the Landsgemeinde (citizens’ assembly) of the Swiss canton of Glarus. Sickness insurance and workmen’s compensation were pioneered by Germany in 1883 and 1884, and compulsory arbitration in industrial disputes was introduced in New Zealand in the 1890s. The progress of labour legislation outside western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand was slow until after World War I. The more industrialized states of the United States began to enact such legislation toward the end of the 19th century, but the bulk of the present labour legislation of the United States was not adopted until after the Depression of the 1930s. There was virtually no labour legislation in Russia prior to the October Revolution of 1917. In India children between the ages of seven and 12 were limited to nine hours of work per day in 1881 and adult males in textile mills to 10 hours per day in 1911, but the first major advance was the amendment of the Factory Act in 1922 to give effect to conventions adopted at the first session of the International Labour Conference at Washington, D. C. , in 1919. In Japan rudimentary regulations on work in mines were introduced in 1890, but a proposed factory act was controversial for 30 years before it was adopted in 1911, and the decisive step was the revision of this act in 1923 to give effect to the Washington Convention on hours of work in industry. Labour legislation in Latin America began in Argentina in the early years of the century and received a powerful impetus from the Mexican Revolution, which ended in 1917, but, as in North America, the trend became general only with the impact of the Great Depression. In Africa the progress of labour legislation became significant only from the 1940s onward. The legal recognition of the right of association for trade union purposes has a distinctive history. There is no other aspect of labour law in which successive phases of progress and regression have been more decisively influenced by political changes and considerations. The legal prohibition of such association was repealed in the United Kingdom in 1824 and in France in 1884; there have been many subsequent changes in the law and may well be further changes, but these have related to matters of detail rather than to fundamental principles. In the United States freedom of association for trade union purposes remained precarious and subject to the unpredictable scope of the labour injunction, by means of which the courts helped restrain trade union activity until the 1930s. The breakthrough for trade unionism and collective bargaining was achieved by the National Labor Relations Act of 1935. In many other countries the record of progress and regression with respect to freedom of association falls into clearly distinguished periods separated by decisive political changes. This has certainly been the case with Germany, Italy, Spain, Japan, and much of eastern Europe; there have been many illustrations of it, and there may well be more in the developing world. Labour codes or other forms of comprehensive labour legislation and inistries of labour were not introduced until the 20th century. The first labour code (which, like many of its successors, was a consolidation rather than a codification) was projected in France in 1901 and promulgated in stages from 1910 to 1927. Among the more advanced formulations affecting the general condition of labour were the Mexican Constitution of 1917 and the Weimar Constitution of Germany of 1919, both of which gave constitutional status to certain general principles of social policy regarding economic rights. Provisions of this kind have become increasingly common and are now widespread in all parts of the world. Departments or ministries of labour responsible for the effective administration of labour legislation and for promoting its future development were established in Canada in 1900, in France in 1906, in the United States in 1913, in the United Kingdom in 1916, and in Germany in 1918. They became general in Europe and were established in India and Japan during the following years and became common in Latin America in the ’30s. A labour office was established in Egypt in 1930, but only in the ’40s and ’50s did similar arrangements begin to take root elsewhere in Asia and Africa. Under differing political circumstances there continue, of course, to be wide variations in the authority and effectiveness of such administrative machinery.

USTDA essays

USTDA essays After going to the Tradeport website, I have decided to do my paper on a US federal government agency. I explored a few of the agencies and decided to choose the US Trade and Development Agency. The US Trade and Development Agency (TDA) is a small independent agency. It is comprised of about forty-one people. The director is Mr. J. Joseph Grandmaison, who was nominated by President Bill Clinton. The TDA with the help of the Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee works with the Department of Commerce, the Export-Import Bank, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, and other agencies to advance American business interest in other countries. They are primarily involved in the agriculture, energy, environment, health care, information technology manufacturing, mining and mineral development, telecommunications, transportation, and water resources areas. This is the TDA Mission Statement: The U. S. Trade and Development Agency assists in the creation of jobs for Americans by helping U.S. companies pursue overseas business opportunities. Through the funding of feasible studies, orientation visits, specialized training grants, business workshops, and various forms of technical assistance, we enable American businesses to compete for infrastructure and industrial projects in middle-income and developing countries (1). The TDA funds project planning activities which directly influences the decisions related to major industrial projects. In other words, these are projects that represent millions of dollars in US export potential. TDA works to ensure that the services and products needed for projects will be stamped Made in the USA (How TDA Operates 1). An example of some of the goods and services are radar for airports in Asia and process controls for refineries in Latin America. The TDA is active in over forty countries throughout the world. Sometimes, however, statutory, and policy restraints eith...

Cockney Rhyming Slang

Cockney Rhyming Slang Cockney Rhyming Slang Cockney Rhyming Slang By Sharon Cockney Rhyming Slang has been moving around the world, thanks to the popularity of East End gangster movies such as Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels and many others. Its a series of words and phrases used by Cockneys and other Londoners. Originally, a Cockney was someone born within the area where they could hear the bells of St Mary le Bow church in Cheapside, London. (This is known as being born within the sound of the Bow Bells). However, an increasingly mobile society means that this label applies to anyone with Cockney heritage or accent. Rhyming slang consists of replacing a word or phrase with another that rhymes with it. To make it more confusing, the rhyme may be hidden, so that theres no obvious link between the slang term and the original word or phrase. No one is quite sure where the slang originates. Some speculate that it was designed to help thieves speak without being understood by others after a crackdown on crime in the heart of London. Others suggest that market traders created the slang so they could discuss matters among themselves while securing a good deal from their customers. What is known is that Cockney rhyming slang is alive and well, with new phrases entering the lexicon all the time. Some phrases have entered common British speech and are used daily without any awareness of their Cockney origins. Examples include: use your loaf (loaf of bread = head) have a butchers (butchers hook = look) cobblers rubbish (cobblers awls = balls) porkies (pork pies = lies) donkeys (donkeys ears = years) Other traditional expressions which are perhaps less widespread include: apples (apples and pears = stairs) plates (plates of meat = feet) Barnet (Barnet Fair = hair) Boat race (= face) Trouble (trouble and strife = wife) Pony (pony and trap = crap) Adam and Eve (= believe) dog (dog and bone = phone) china (china plate = mate) Rosie (Rosie Lee = tea) rabbit (rabbit and pork = talk) whistle (whistle and flute= suit) bacons (bacon and eggs = legs) cream crackered (= knackered tired) minces (mince pies = eyes) tea leaf (= thief) jimmy (Jimmy Riddle = piddle pee) The Cockney Rhyming Slang site also lists several examples of modern slang expressions, including: Ayrton (Ayrton Senna = tenner ten pound note) A la mode (= code) Anneka Rice ( = advice) Adrian Mole (= dole unemployment benefit) Abergavenny (= penny) These are just a few examples. The BBC provides a long list of Cockney Rhyming Slangand theres another extensive list here. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Compared "to" or Compared "with"?8 Writing Tips for Beginners10 Types of Hyphenation Errors

Sarbanes-Oxley Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sarbanes-Oxley Act - Essay Example Sarbanes-Oxley Act The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is deemed to be quite effective in protecting the investors and enhancing the factor of accurateness and reliability in various corporate financial activities. It has further been noted that the act mainly aims at enhancing the above mentioned aspects in a constant basis with the implementation of strict laws and rules for audit committees of public companies, binding accounting professionals’ functions under the stated regimes (Rolf, 2005). Effectiveness of Sarbanes-Oxley Act in Minimizing Corporate Fraud and Protecting Investors The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, with its strict supervision encourages companies to adopt stern control system on their operational activities, which are expected to minimise the crime rates relating to investor fraud within the organisation. The effectiveness of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act can be exemplified from the fact that it has been able to develop various new legal enforcements with regard to deal with corporate f raud and ensure punitive measures for the wrongdoers within any business. Additionally, the effectiveness of the act can also be justified from the fact that it not only punishes the companies that are involved in fraud but also the participants who initiates the same and therefore, assists in maintaining an all-inclusive framework to prevent accounting fallacies (Rolf, 2005; Ernst & Young, n.d.). Suggestions for Improvement. The act aims to take continuous plunges in developing its strategies and creating provisions that can restrain companies and accounting professionals from conducting corporate fraud, taking its learning outcomes from the classic disaster case of Enron scandal. However, like any other act or legal provision, Sarbanes-Oxley Act also has the scope for further improvement, so that it can enhance its effectiveness to the next level. Suggestively, the act needs to include certain penalties that would be efficient to target low level frauds. Currently, the charged pen alty structure of the act can be regarded as quite severe for any kind of fraud in the context of corporate governance. Impact of the Formation of PCAOB on Auditing Firms and the Public Accounting Professions It is apparent from the above discussion that Sarbanes-Oxley Act is quite effective in dealing with the increasing cases related to corporate fraud. In strengthening its position as an effective legal provision aimed towards reducing corporate frauds, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as used to form the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). The PCAOB is a non-profit organisation that deals with protecting the interests of the investors by promoting the accuracy in accounting reports as well as emphasising independence of professionals in developing audit reports. Apparently, aimed towards binding accounting professionals, the initiation of this regime has imposed certain impacts on auditing firms and the public accounting professions, the most affected aspect being auditor i ndependence. In the aftermath its enactment, the staff of PCAOB are in constant supervision of auditing firms and the public accounting professionals likewise, in order to identify any kind of violation of applied laws and professional standards in developing financial reports. In this regard, some of the rights of the authority include their power to impose